الكتاب الأول: الإسلام والإيمان

قال تعالى: {يَاأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا آمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَالْكِتَابِ الَّذِي نَزَّلَ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ وَالْكِتَابِ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَمَنْ يَكْفُرْ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلاَئِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلاَلاً بَعِيدًا *}. [النساء:136]

1 - (ق) عَن ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم: (بُنِيَ الْإِسْلاَمُ عَلَى خَمْسٍ: شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللهِ، وَإِقَامِ الصَّلاَةِ، وَإِيتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ، وَالحَجِّ، وَصَوْمِ رَمَضَانَ) .

Translation of 1st hadith [1]

2 - عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ قَالَ: كُنْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم فِي سَفَرٍ، فَأَصْبَحْتُ يَوْماً قَرِيباً مِنْهُ وَنَحْنُ نَسِيرُ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ! أَخْبِرْنِي بِعَمَلٍ يُدْخِلُنِي الجَنَّةَ، وَيُبَاعِدُنِي من النَّارِ.
قَالَ: (لَقَدْ سَألْتَنِي عَنْ عَظِيمٍ، وَإِنَّهُ لَيَسِيرٌ عَلَى مَنْ يَسَّرَهُ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ: تَعْبُدُ اللهَ وَلاَ تُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئاً، وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلاَةَ، وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ، وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ، وَتَحُجُّ البَيْتَ) .
ثُمَّ قَالَ: (أَلاَ أَدُلُّكَ عَلَى أَبْوَابِ الخَيْرِ: الصَّوْمُ جُنَّةٌ
[1] ، وَالصَّدَقَةُ تُطْفِئُ الخَطِيئَةَ كَمَا يُطْفِئُ المَاءُ النَّارَ، وَصَلاةُ الرَّجُلِ مِنْ جَوْفِ اللَّيْلِ) ، قَالَ: ثُمَّ تَلاَ {تَتَجَافَى جُنُوبُهُمْ عَنِ الْمَضَاجِعِ}، حَتَّى بَلَغَ: {يَعْمَلُونَ} [السجدة:16، 17] .
ثُمَّ قَالَ: (أَلاَ أُخْبِرُكَ بِرَأْسِ الْأَمْرِ كُلِّهِ وَعَمُودِهِ وَذِرْوَةِ سَنَامِهِ) ؟ قُلْتُ: بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ! قَالَ: (رَأْسُ الْأَمْرِ الْإِسْلاَمُ، وَعَمُودُهُ الصَّلاةُ، وَذِرْوَةُ سَنَامِهِ الجِهَادُ) .
ثُمَّ قَالَ: (أَلاَ أُخْبِرُكَ بِمَلاَكِ ذَلِكَ
[2]
كُلِّهِ) ؟ قُلْتُ: بَلَى يَا رسول اللهِ! فَأَخَذَ بِلِسَانِه،ِ قَالَ: (كُفَّ عَلَيْكَ هَذَا) ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ! وَإِنَّا لَمُؤَاخَذُونَ بِمَا نَتَكَلَّمُ بِهِ؟ فَقَالَ: (ثَكِلَتْكَ [3] أُمُّكَ يَا مُعَاذُ! وَهَلْ يَكُبُّ النَّاسَ فِي النَّارِ عَلَى وُجُوهِهِمْ، أَوْ عَلَى مَنَاخِرِهِمْ؛ إِلاَّ حَصَائِدُ ألسِنَتِهِمْ) .

[ت2616/ جه3973]

* صحيح.

4 - (ق) عن عُمَرَ بْنِ الخَطَّابِ رضي الله عنه قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم يَقُولُ: (يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ! إِنَّمَا الْأَعْمَالُ بِالنِّيَّةِ [1] ، وَإِنَّمَا لاِمْرِئٍ مَا نَوَى، فَمَنْ كَانَتْ هِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى اللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ [2] ، فَهِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى اللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ، وَمَنْ هَاجَرَ إِلَى دُنْيَا يُصِيبُهَا، أَوْ امْرَأَةٍ يَتَزَوَّجُهَا، فَهِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى مَا هَاجَرَ إِلَيْهِ) .

‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Verily, the reward of deeds depends on the intentions, and each person will be rewarded according to what he intended. So, he whose migration is for the sake of Allah and His Messenger, then his migration is for the sake of Allah and His Messenger, and he whose migration is to achieve some worldly gain or to take some woman in marriage, then his migration is for that for which he migrated."

5 - (م) عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ الله صلّى الله عليه وسلّم يَقُولُ: (إِنَّ أَوَّلَ النَّاسِ يُقْضَى يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ اسْتُشْهِدَ، فَأُتِيَ بِهِ، فَعَرَّفَهُ نِعَمَهُ فَعَرَفَهَا. قَالَ: فَمَا عَمِلْتَ فِيهَا؟ قَالَ: قَاتَلْتُ فِيكَ حَتَّى اسْتُشْهِدْتُ، قَالَ: كَذَبْتَ! وَلكِنَّكَ قَاتَلْتَ لِأَنْ يُقَالَ جَرِيءٌ؛ فَقَدْ قِيلَ، ثُمَّ أُمِرَ بِهِ فَسُحِبَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ حَتَّى أُلْقِيَ فِي النَّارِ.
وَرَجُلٌ تَعَلَّمَ الْعِلْمَ وَعَلَّمَهُ وَقَرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ، فَأُتِيَ بِهِ، فَعَرَّفَهُ نِعَمَهُ فَعَرَفَهَا. قَالَ: فَمَا عَمِلْتَ فِيهَا؟ قَالَ: تَعَلَّمْتُ الْعِلْمَ وَعَلَّمْتُهُ وَقَرَأْتُ فِيكَ الْقُرْآنَ. قَالَ: كَذَبْتَ! وَلكِنَّكَ تَعَلَّمْتَ الْعِلْمَ لَيُقَالَ عَالِمٌ، وَقَرَأْتَ الْقُرْآنَ لِيُقَالَ هُوَ قَارِئٌ؛ فَقَدْ قِيلَ، ثُمَّ أُمِرَ بِهِ فَسُحِبَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ حَتَّى أُلْقِيَ فِي النَّار.
وَرَجُلٌ وَسَّعَ الله عَلَيْهِ، وَأَعْطَاهُ مِنْ أصْنَافِ الْمَالِ كُلِّهِ، فَأُتِيَ بِهِ، فَعَرَّفَهُ نِعَمَهُ فَعَرَفَهَا. قَالَ: فَمَا عَملْتَ فِيهَا؟ قَالَ: مَا تَرَكْتُ مِنْ سَبِيلٍ تُحِبُّ أَنْ يُنْفَقَ فِيهَا إِلاَّ أَنْفَقْتُ فِيهَا لَكَ. قَالَ: كَذَبْتَ! وَلكِنَّكَ فَعَلْتَ لِيُقَالَ هُوَ جَوَادٌ؛ فَقَدْ قِيلَ، ثُمَّ أُمِرَ بِهِ فَسُحِبَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ، ثُمَّ أُلْقِيَ فِي النَّارِ) .

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) say: "The first to be judged on the Day of Judgment is a man who was martyred. He will be brought and Allah will remind him of His favor [upon him], which he will recognize. Allah will say: 'What did you do as a token of gratitude for that favor?' He will say: 'I fought for Your sake until I was martyred.' Allah will say: 'You have lied. You fought so it would be said that you were brave, and it was said.' It will be commanded that he be dragged on his face until he is thrown in the Fire. A man who acquired knowledge, taught it, and recited the Qur'an. He will be brought and Allah will remind him of His favor [upon him], which he will recognize. Allah will say: 'What did you do as a token of gratitude for that favor?' He will say: 'I acquired knowledge and taught it, and I recited the Qur'an for Your sake.' Allah will say: 'You have lied. You learned so it would be said that you were a scholar, and you recited the Qur'an so it would be said that you were a reciter, and that was said.' It will be commanded that he be dragged on his face until he is thrown in the Fire. A man for whom Allah expanded his resources and gave him from all types of wealth. He will be brought and Allah will remind him of His favor [upon him], which he will recognize. Allah will say: 'What did you do as a token of gratitude for that favor?' He will say: 'I left no path wherein You love to spend except that I spent therein for Your sake.' Allah will say: 'You have lied. You did that so it would be said that you were generous, and that was said.' It will be commanded that he be dragged on his face until he is thrown in the Fire."

6 - عن أَبي كَبْشَةَ الْأَنّْمَارِيِّ : أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم يَقُولُ: (ثَلاَثَةٌ أُقْسِمُ عَلَيْهِنَّ، وَأُحَدِّثُكُمْ حَدِيثاً فَاحْفَظُوهُ:
قَالَ: مَا نَقَصَ مَالُ عَبْدٍ مِنْ صَدَقَةٍ، وَلاَ ظُلِمَ عَبْدٌ مَظْلَمَةً فَصَبَرَ عَلَيْهَا إِلاَّ زَادَهُ اللهُ عِزّاً، وَلاَ فَتَحَ عَبْدٌ بَابَ مَسْأَلَةٍ إِلاَّ فَتَحَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ بَابَ فَقْرٍ) أَوْ كَلِمَةً نَحْوَهَا.
(وَأُحَدِّثُكُمْ حَدِيثاً فَاحْفَظُوهُ، قَالَ: إِنَّمَا الدُّنْيَا لِأَرْبَعَةِ نَفَرٍ: عَبْدٍ رَزَقَهُ اللهُ مَالاً وَعِلْماً، فَهُوَ يَتَّقِي فِيهِ رَبَّهُ، وَيَصِلُ فِيهِ رَحِمَهُ، وَيَعْلَمُ لِلَّهِ فِيهِ حَقّاً، فَهَذَا بِأَفْضَلِ المَنَازِلِ؛ وَعَبْدٍ رَزَقَهُ اللهُ عِلْماً وَلَمْ يَرْزُقْهُ مَالاً، فَهُوَ صَادِقُ النِّيَّةِ، يَقُولُ: لَوْ أَنَّ لِي مَالاً لَعَمِلْتُ بِعَمَلِ فُلاَنٍ، فَهُوَ بِنِيَّتِهِ، فَأَجْرُهُمَا سَوَاءٌ. وَعَبْدٍ رَزَقَهُ اللهُ مَالاً وَلَمْ يَرْزُقْهُ عِلْماً، فَهُوَ يَخْبِطُ فِي مَالِهِ
[1] ، بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ، لاَ يَتَّقِي فِيهِ رَبَّهُ، وَلاَ يَصِلُ فِيهِ رَحِمَهُ، وَلاَ يَعْلَمُ لِلَّهِ فِيهِ حَقّاً، فَهَذَا بِأَخْبَثِ المَنَازِلِ. وَعَبْدٍ لَمْ يَرْزُقْهُ اللهُ مَالاً وَلاَ عِلْماً، فَهُوَ يَقُولُ: لَوْ أَنَّ لِي مَالاً لَعَمِلْتُ فِيهِ بِعَمَلِ فُلاَنٍ، فَهُوَ بِنِيَّتِهِ، فَوِزْرُهُمَا سَوَاءٌ) .

Abu Kabshah ‘Amr ibn Sa‘d (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I swear by Allah for three things which I am going to tell you about. Remember them well: The wealth of a man will not diminish by charity; Allah augments the honor of a man who endures an oppression patiently; and he who opens a gate of begging, Allah opens a gate of poverty (or he said a word similar to it)." He also said: "Remember well what I am going to tell you: The world is for four kinds of people. (1) One upon whom Allah has bestowed wealth and knowledge and so he fears his Lord in respect to them, maintains the ties of kinship, and acknowledges the rights of Allah on him; this type will have the best position. (2) One upon whom Allah has conferred knowledge but no wealth, and he is sincere in his intention and says: 'Had I possessed wealth, I would have acted like so-and-so.' He will be treated according to his intention, and his reward is the same as that of the other. (3) One whom Allah has given wealth but no knowledge and he squanders his wealth ignorantly, does not fear Allah in respect to it, does not discharge the obligations of kinship, and does not acknowledge the rights of Allah. Such a person will be in the worst position. (4) One upon whom Allah has bestowed neither wealth nor knowledge and he says: 'Had I possessed wealth, I would have acted like so-and-so (i.e. he would squander his wealth).' He will be treated according to his intention, and both will have equal sin."

ت2325/ جه4228] [

* حسن صحيح.

10 - (م) عَن ابْنِ شُمَاسَةَ المَهْرِيِّ قَالَ: حَضَرْنَا عَمْرَو بْنَ العَاصِ وَهُوَ فِي سِيَاقَةِ المَوْتِ [1] ، فَبَكَى طَوِيلاً وَحَوَّلَ وَجْهَهُ إِلَى الجِدَارِ، فَجَعَلَ ابْنُهُ يَقُولُ: يَا أَبَتَاهُ! أَمَا بَشَّرَكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم بِكَذَا؟ أَمَا بَشَّرَكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم بِكَذَا؟ قَالَ: فَأَقْبَلَ بِوَجْهِهِ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ أَفْضَلَ مَا نُعِدُّ شَهَادَةُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللهِ، إِنِّي قَدْ كُنْتُ عَلَى أَطْبَاقٍ ثَلاَثٍ [2] :
لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنِي وَمَا أَحَدٌ أَشَدَّ بُغْضاً لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم مِنِّي، وَلاَ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ أَنْ أَكُونَ قَدْ اسْتَمْكَنْتُ مِنْهُ فَقَتَلْتُهُ، فَلَوْ مُتُّ عَلَى تِلْكَ الحَالِ لَكُنْتُ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ.
فَلَمَّا جَعَلَ اللهُ الْإِسْلاَمَ فِي قَلْبِي، أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، فَقُلْتُ: ابْسُطْ يَمِينَكَ فَلْأُبَايِعْكَ، فَبَسَطَ يَمِينَهُ، قَالَ: فَقَبَضْتُ يَدِي. قَالَ: (مَا لَكَ يَا عَمْرُو) ؟ قَالَ قُلْتُ: أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَشْتَرِطَ قَالَ: (تَشْتَرِطُ بِمَاذَا) ؟ قُلْتُ: أَنْ يُغْفَرَ لِي، قَالَ: (أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ الْإِسْلاَمَ يَهْدِمُ مَا كَانَ قَبْلَهُ؟ وَأَنَّ الهِجْرَةَ تَهْدِمُ مَا كَانَ قَبْلِهَا؟ وَأَنَّ الحَجَّ يَهْدِمُ مَا كَانَ قَبْلَهُ) ؟.
وَمَا كَانَ أَحَدٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، وَلاَ أَجَلَّ فِي عَيْنِي مِنْهُ، وَمَا كُنْتُ أُطِيقُ أَنْ أَمْلَأَ عَيْنَيَّ مِنْهُ إِجْلاَلاً لَهُ، وَلَوْ سُئِلْتُ أَنْ أَصِفَهُ مَا أَطَقْتُ، لِأَنِّي لَمْ أَكُنْ أَمْلَأُ عَيْنَيَّ مِنْهُ، وَلَوْ مُتُّ عَلَى تِلْكَ الحَالِ لَرَجَوْتُ أَنْ أَكُونَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الجَنَّةِ.
ثُمَّ وَلِينَا أَشْيَاءَ مَا أَدْرِي مَا حَالِي فِيهَا، فَإِذَا أَنَا مُتُّ، فَلاَ تَصْحَبْنِي نَائِحَةٌ وَلاَ نَارٌ، فَإِذَا دَفَنْتُمُونِي؛ فَشُنُّوا عَلَيَّ التُّرَابَ
[3]
شَنّاً، ثُمَّ أَقِيمُوا حَوْلَ قَبْرِي قَدْرَ مَا تُنْحَرُ جَزُورٌ، وَيُقْسَمُ لَحْمُهَا، حَتَّى أَسْتَأْنِسَ بِكُمْ، وَأَنْظُرَ مَاذَا أُرَاجِعُ بِهِ رُسُلَ رَبِّي.

Ibn Shumāsah al-Mahri reported: We went to ‘Amr ibn al-Āas (may Allah be pleased with him) when he was on his death bed. He wept for long and turned his face to the wall. His son kept saying: "O Father, didn't the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) give you the glad tidings of such-and-such? Didn't the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) give you the glad tidings of such-and-such?" He turned his face and said: "The best thing that we can prepare is the testimony that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. Verily, I have passed through three stages. I remember myself when I hated the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) more than anyone else and I wished for nothing more than killing him. Had I died in that state, I would have surely been from the dwellers of the Fire. When Allah instilled the love for Islam in my heart, I went to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and said: 'Stretch out your right hand so that I may pledge allegiance to you.' He stretched out his right hand, but I withdrew my hand. He said: 'What is the matter, ‘Amr ?' I replied: 'I wish to stipulate a condition.' He asked: 'What is your condition?' I said: 'That I would be forgiven.' He said: 'Are you not aware that Islam wipes out all (sins) that preceded it, and that Hijrah wipes out all (sins) that preceded it, and that Hajj wipes out all (sins) that preceded it?' Thereafter, no one was dearer to me than the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) nor was there anyone more revered in my eyes than him. I could never bring myself to catch a full glimpse of his face out of respect for him. If I were asked to describe his features, I would not be able to because I have never fully looked at him. Had I died in that state, I could have hoped to be from the dwellers of Paradise. Thereafter, we were made responsible for many things and in the light of which I am unable to know what is in store for me. When I die, let neither wailing woman nor fire accompany me. When you bury me, throw the earth gently over me, then stand around my grave for the time within which a camel is slaughtered and its meat is distributed so that I may find relief in your company and prepare what answer I can give to the messengers of my Lord."

11 - عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلى النَّبِيِّ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولُ اللهِ، مَا تَرَكْتُ حَاجَّةَ ولا دَاجَّةَ [1] إِلاَّ قَدْ أَتَيْتُ. قَالَ: (أَلَيْسَ تَشْهَدُ أَنْ لا إِلـهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللهِ؟) ثَلاثَ مراتٍ. قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: (فَإِنَّ ذَلكَ يَأْتي عَلى ذَلكَ) .

[مخ5/1773]

* إسناده صحيح.

14 - (ق) عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ رضي الله عنه قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم: (أَتَانِي آتٍ مِنْ رَبِّي، فَأَخْبَرَنِي ـ أَوْ قَالَ: بَشَّرَنِي ـ أَنَّهُ مَنْ مَاتَ مِنْ أُمَّتِي لاَ يُشْرِكُ بِاللهِ شَيْئاً، دَخَلَ الجَنَّةَ) . قُلْتُ: وَإِنْ زَنَى وَإِنْ سَرَقَ؟ قَالَ: (وَإِنْ زَنَى وَإِنْ سَرَقَ) .

Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: While I was walking with the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) in the Harrah of Madīnah, the Mount of Uhud came in sight. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Abu Dharr!" I said: "I am at your service, O Messenger of Allah." He said: "I would not be pleased to have the like of Uhud in gold and three days pass while even one dinar thereof remains with me, except what I keep for debts. Otherwise, I would distribute it among Allah's slaves like this, and like this, and like this", pointing to his right, his left, and his back. He walked and said: "The rich ones will be the ones with the least good deeds on the Day of Judgment except those who spend their wealth like this, and like this, and like this", pointing to his right, left, and back, "but these are only few." Then he said to me: "Stay in your place. Do not leave it until I come back to you." Then he proceeded in the darkness of night until he went out of sight. I then heard a loud voice and I was afraid that someone might have attacked the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him). So I wanted to go to him, but I remembered what he had said: "Do not leave until I come back to you." Therefore, I stayed at my place until he came back to me. I said: "I heard a voice and I was afraid of it" and I mentioned that to him. He said: "Did you hear it?" I replied: 'Yes.' He said: "That was Jibrīl who came to me and said: 'Whoever died of your Ummah without associating anything with Allah will enter Paradise.'" I said: "Even if he committed fornication and theft?" He said: "Even if he committed fornication and theft."