الكِتَابُ الثَّاني: الـقـضـاء

3205 - (ق) عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ: أَنَّهُ سَمِـعَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم يَقُولُ: (إِذَا حَكَمَ الحَاكِمُ فَاجْتَهَدَ ثُمَّ أَصَابَ؛ فَلَهُ أَجْرَانِ، وَإِذَا حَكَمَ فَاجْتَهَدَ ثُمَّ أَخْطَأَ؛ فَلَهُ أَجْرٌ) .

‘Amr ibn al-‘Ās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If a judge issues a ruling, having tried his best to decide correctly, and his ruling is right, he will have a double reward, but if he issues a ruling, having tried his best to decide correctly, and his ruling is wrong, he will have a single reward."

3206 - (ق) عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِـيِّ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم قَالَ: (إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ، وَإِنَّـكُمْ تَخْتَصِمُونَ إِلَيَّ، وَلَعَلَّ بَعْضَكُمْ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَلْحَنَ [1] بِحُجَّتِهِ مِنْ بَعْضٍ، فأَقْضِيَ لَهُ عَلَى نَحْوٍ مِمَّا أَسْمَعُ، فَمَنْ قَضَيْتُ لَهُ مِنْ حَقِّ أَخِيهِ شَيْئاً فَلاَ يَأْخُذْه، فَإِنَّمَا أَقْطَعُ لَهُ قِطْعَةً مِنَ النَّارِ) .

[خ6967 (2458)/ م1713]

3208 - (ق) عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِـي مُلَيْكَةَ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيَّ: إِنَّ النَّبِـيَّ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم قَضى: أَنَّ الْيَمِينَ عَلَى المُدَّعى عَلَيْهِ.

‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Were people to be given everything that they claimed, some men would (unjustly) claim the properties and blood of (other) people. However, the onus of proof is on the plaintiff and the oath is upon the one who denies the claim."

3218 - عَنْ أَبِي رِمْثَةَ قَالَ: انْطَلَقْتُ مَعَ أَبِي نَحْوَ النَّبِيِّ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم قَالَ لِأَبِي: (ابْنُكَ هَذَا) ؟ قَالَ: إِي وَرَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ، قَالَ: (حَقّاً) ؟ قَالَ أَشْهَدُ بِهِ. قَالَ فَتَبَسَّمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم ضَاحِكاً مِنْ ثَبْتِ شَبَهِي فِي أَبِي، وَمِنْ حَلِفِ أَبِي عَلَيَّ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: (أَمَا إِنَّهُ لاَ يَجْنِي عَلَيْكَ، وَلاَ تَجْنِي عَلَيْهِ) ، وَقَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلّى الله عليه وسلّم: {وَلاَ تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَى} [الأنعام:164] .

Abu Rimthah reported: I went to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) with my father. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) then asked my father: "Is this your son?" He replied: "Yes, by the Lord of the Ka‘bah." He again said: "Is it true?" He said: "I bear witness to it." The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) then smiled due to my resemblance with my father and because my father took an oath that I was his son. He then said: "Indeed, He will not bear your faults (sins), and you will not bear his." The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) recited the verse: {And no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another.} [Sūrat al-An‘ām: 164]

[د4495/ ن4847/ مي2433]

* صحيح.